Tag: CAD

This main thing has increased the ratio of its importance in any kind of development in structures.Structural Drawing deals with analyzing and designing of structures; basically it belongs to civil engineering. The designs of building and large non-building structures are involved in structural drawing. Structural Drawing is basically referred to drawing of wood, concrete, steel and other building structures. It clearly describes all the essential components which are involved in a construction of a building. The components could be in the form of columns, beams, pile foundations, slabs, roof framings, staircases and handrails. It also contains general notes whenever it is required for information on roof, slabs, staircase and RCC joints.

Structural Drawing involves various engineering and mechanical calculations which have relation to material physics and also it prepares structures which could bear heavy loads. These drawings are specially designed by professional CAD. CAD operators translate structural engineers hand drawing and also they sketch ruff paintings. You should make sure that it could obey the industry standards and codes.

We have in-house team of experienced and trained professionals who are highly-talented for all kinds of designing and drawing purpose. We provide multi-tasking structural drawing services, which includes drafting services and projects for all our worldwide clients unique design services. We do the complete and best design service for our customers. Our motto is to understand & satisfy our customer needs which are very important to build a perfect designing concept.

This is a general view about structural drawings that it is a bulky task to solve also very difficult to view. But as per your approach to a structural drawing is concerned, our experts can help you in your choice of designing. We can provide you the best services for design, detailing, drafting & drawing. We can give you strong assistance for your dream projects and in that way we can assist you in your business expansion.

Structural Drawings includes plan, foundation and other detailed schedules of structural components. The general notes in structural drawing are the identification of a building component which is used for the construction. The set of structural drawing includes wall section, framing plans and other applicable materials used for design. The basic concept and idea build a required formation for structural drawings.

To describe it now, georeferencing is a process of taking an image and assigning geographic coordinates to it or to georeference something means to define its existence in the physical space by establishing a relation between raster or vector images to map projections or coordinate systems. When data from different sources need to be compiled and used in any GIS application, it is important to have a common referencing system. This is brought about by using various georeferencing techniques.

The process georeferencing

Georeferencing usually refers to the method by which locations in raster and vector GIS files are related to real earth-surface positions.

Raster data is often taken by scanning maps or collecting aerial photographs and satellite images. Scanned map datasets usually do not have any spatial reference information. The location information delivered with aerial photography and satellite imagery might be inadequate and the data need not align correctly with some other data you possess.

In order to use some raster datasets in conjunction with other spatial data, you sometimes need to align or georeference them to a map coordinate system which can be defines using a map projection to display the curved surface of the earth on a flat surface.

Georeference a raster dataset means defining its location using map coordinates and assigning a coordinate system. This process allows it to be viewed, queried, and analyzed in comparison with other geographic data.

How can you georeference a raster dataset?

Add the raster dataset to be aligned to your projected data in ArcMap.

Add control points that connect known raster dataset positions to the map coordinate positions.

When the alignment becomes correct, save the georeferencing information (registration) for further use.

Though GIS users are familiar with the term ‘georeferening’, many of the CAD users are not much aware of the term and the use of gereferencing in CAD.

Why is it wanted?

A raster image has no particular size as it is made up of pixels. The size of the vectorised CAD/GIS drawing is determined by the raster’s pixel dimensions, without georeferencing. The image resolution (DPI) can determine this. This image size usually has no relationship with the size of the drawing that the raster represents.

A CAD file is usually drawn in a local coordinate system and depicts spatial information which can be drawn accurately without being fixed to a higher global coordinate system. However, when the drawing needs to be related to a higher level in a mapping context with data from many different sources, tools in ArcMap can easily reposition a CAD file and integrate it into that higher level without altering the CAD file.

First thing is to find out two points on the CAD file that matches with two points in the map for which we can use the Georeferencing toolbar in ArcMap.

Different tools on the toolbar can support different workflows and below listed is an easy way to describe georeferencing a CAD file.

First step is to load the CAD drawing and ensure that one of the CAD feature layers are listed in the drop down menu of the georeferencing toolbar.

Zooming to the place roughly on the map where the CAD drawing is to be related is the next step. You can use the ‘fit to display’ tool on the menu to fix the CAD file in the map frame.

ArcMap snapping helps accurate placement of the CAD file which makes precise selection of control points based on existing geometry. Use the ‘rotate’ tool if the CAD file needs to be rotated to get the drawing nearer to its final position. This enables easy picking of control points.

You can use the interactive scaling tool also for the above mentioned reason.

Now when you select the ‘update georeferencing’ option, this creates a .WLD file that will be read from now on to put your CAD file in the right place.

Finally, the coordinates are always adjusted into this physical place. Now you can select a equivalent system for your CAD drawing so that you can assign or project its coordinates with reference to the map or during any other geospatial operation.

Regards
SBL Geomatics

http://www.sblgis.com/cad-services.aspx

By:Navya

In the field of design, 2D drawings play a very important part. Even though 3D models provide the advantage of automatically generating linked 2D drawings, in some fields designers use 2D drawings as the standard. To improve efficiency of creating 2D drawings with ZW3D CAD software , a good solution is to customize the templates that form the basis of 2D drawings. I’d like to introduce to you some of the tips I’ve learned for how to efficiently customize 2D drawing templates. First, let’s summarize the key reason for using 2D drawing templates. They hold preset paper sizes, drawing formats (such as drawing borders and title blocks), link relations with part attributes, drawing standards (such as fonts, dimension and view attributes, and methods of projection) – and all of these can be set as defaults. In preparation for customizing a 2D template, let’s check some of the configuration settings, such as the names of the template file, attribute bundles file, and paper size file. See figure 1.

Figure 1 Configuration
1.Setting Up the Default Paper Size Using Notepad, add custom paper size information to the paper size file, such as DEF_SHEET_MM (located in the installation folder like C:\Program Files\ZWSOFT\ZW3D 2012 Eng\supp), as shown in figure 2.

Figure 2 Paper size customization
Open a template file, such as Template_MM.Z3, and then create a new 2D drawing. To set the default paper size, choose Edit->Preference- from the menu bar. The newly-added option is listed in the Drawing Settings dialog, as shown in figure 3.

Figure 3 Setting a custom 2D drawing paper size
2.Setting Up the Title Block To create the title block, I can import DWG or DXF files into ZW3DCAD/CAM , or else copy the 2D geometry from another ZW3D 2D drawing, and then make suitable modifications. If, however, there are no materials that I can reuse directly, then I’ll need to draw them from scratch. Figure 4 illustrates an example of one that I created by importing a DWG file containing the title block I wanted.

Figure 4 Title block
3.Setting Up Link Relations Link relations are very important. With them, changes to part attributes will result in the automatic updates of 2D drawings. To create link relations, just use one expression [$part_AttributeName] Except for standard part attributes, 2D drawings can link with user attributes defined by the CAD operator, as shown in figure 5.

Figure 5 Linking data using part attributes
4.Setting Up Fonts ZW3D CAD design software offers a collection of its own fonts and it supports most TrueType fonts. If your project needs a specific font, then follow this simple step: Copy the .ttf font file to the C:\Windows\Fonts folder of your computer. The next time you start ZW3D, the new font will be available. 5.Setting Up Attributes To get high quality 2D drawings, it is important to predefine needed attributes, such as views, text styles, and hatches. By including these in the template drawing, you save a lot of time and reduce errors. For instance, let’s manage several dimension attributes. Right click the dimension and open dimension attributes dialog box, after modifying then give a name to the new attribute. One point to which you must pay attention is that you must save the attribute bundles file involved in the configuration. See figure 6.

Figure 6 Defining new attributes
When it comes to using attributes, I can change the dimension attribute by redefining it by picking the new one from the bundle file, or else by copying the attribute from another one, as shown in figure 7.

Figure 7 Modifing attributes
6.Setting Up the Default Template It’s not uncommon for me to have several 2D drawing templates, each one different. Of these, however, I use only one frequently. Here is how to set up a favorite template: employing configurations, I can define the default template easily, as shown in figure 8.

Figure 8 Specifying the default template
But sometimes, to save time, I need to use template files from other designers. This is not difficult in ZW3D, for all I need to do is to copy the Z3 template file from them, and then other defines the configurations. Everything can be reused!

If you would like to try it, then take just a few minutes to customize your own 2D drawing templates.

About the Author: ZW3D CAD/CAM Software Technical Engineer